DOMESTIC VIOLENCE

Domestic Violence Against Wife

Created to complete the task of English II

The Lecturer : Drs. Mohammad Solek, MA

 

Created by :

Minda Sari Nurjamilah

092111102

Concentration of Islamic Astronomy

Syariah Faculty

State Islamic Institute Walisongo Semarang

2010

INTRODUCTION

Domestic violence has become a social phenomenon that often occurs at all levels of society. There was no denying that the biggest victims of violence upon the women. Based on the data written by the National Commission for Women, published in the "Map of Violence Women of Indonesia."

Domestic violence is any act that resulted in misery or suffering physical, sexual, psychological, and / or neglect of household including threat to commit acts, coercion, or unlawful deprivation of liberty within the scope of the household.

If we see from the legal consequences of the legal relationship of marriage, should not be alien to their husband / wife that married life is required to fulfill its rights and obligations as stated in the deed of marriage as stipulated in Law No. 1 of 1974. But there is no statutory regulation in Indonesia that could bring down both criminal sanctions and fines against noncompliance with legal obligations by husband / wife, both inner needs, physical and family economics.

            So far the handling of all forms of domestic violence only to the domestic affairs of each household. That is, states are prohibited from interfering into domestic domain of its citizens. Heavy as any suffering that befell the victims, members of the household is also entitled to or not to complete. However, in reality, domestic violence is not uncommon suffering serious consequences for the victim and even cause death of the victim. Cultural societies stigmatize that quarrels, violence by family members is a disgrace that should be closed tightly indirectly perpetuate the occurrence of domestic violence. Not to mention the social construction that places women / children in vulnerable sectors of society, they are increasingly placing their powerlessness in a slumped position.

Therefore anti Act of Domestic Violence, is meant to be complete, minimize, cracking down the perpetrators of violence, even rehabilitating victims who experience domestic  violence.

Are you the victim of Domestic Violence or do you belong to the community members who still lay with domestic violence? Whatever the answer, and whoever you are, should you still need to know this important information. And to know everything about domestic violence, check out the following discussion.

DISCUSSION

Definition of Domestic Violence Against Wife

What is exactly meant of domestic violence against wives? Domestic violence against wives is that all forms of violence committed by husbands against wives who cause physical harm, psychological, sexual and economic, including threats, deprivation of liberty that occurred in the household or family. In addition, the relationship between husband and wife colored with verbal abuse, lack emotional warmth, infidelity, and using power to control his wife. So we realize that violence on the wife not only manifest in the physical torture, but also the verbal abuse that is often underestimated but will result in more serious condition in the future.

Forms of Violence Against Wives

 If you already know the definition of domestic violence, then the next thing you should know are forms of violence. By knowing the forms of violence that occurs, you can become more sensitive in dealing with domestic violence cases, and you can help others (whether you know or not) that may be experienced. Do not let happen, you only as a spectator who did not empathize when knowing the occurrence of domestic violence around you.

The forms of violence against wives, there are:

1. Physical Violence

Physical violence is an act of violence (such as: hitting, kicking, etc.) that result in injury, pain, or defects in the body of his wife to death.

2. Psychic Violence

Psychological violence is an act of verbal abuse (such as: insulting, say rude and dirty), which results in lower self-confidence, increased fear, loss of ability to act and helpless. This psychic violence, if often happens, it can lead to increasingly depend on the husband's wife even though her husband had made him suffer. On the other hand, psychological abuse can also trigger resentment in the heart of his wife.

3. Sexual Violence

Sexual violence is an act which relates to force her to have sex in ways that are not fair or do not even meet the sexual needs of wives.

4. Economic Violence

Economic violence is an act that limits the wife to work within or outside the house to make money and goods, including letting the wife who work for exploitation, while the husband does not meet the economic needs of the family. Some husbands did not give her salary to the wife because of her income, her husband hid his salary, took the treasure wife, do not give sufficient spending money, or be not spending money at all, demanding wives earn more, and not allow his wife to enhance his career.

Cause of Violence Against Wives

Domestic violence on the wife will not occur if there is no cause. In our country, Indonesia, violence on women is one of the negative culture that actually has unwittingly inherited from generation to generation. What are the causes of violence on his wife? Some of the factors that caused the husband to wife violence, they are:  

1) Community raising boys by growing confidence that the boys should be strong, brave and intolerant.

2) Men and women are not positioned equally in society.

3) Perceptions about the violence in the household should be closed because it is a family matter and not a social problem.

4) a false understanding of religious teachings about the rules educate wives, wives to their husbands obedience, respect for the position of the husband that resulted in the perception that men should control women.

5) Culture of the wife depends on her husband, especially economically.

6) Personality and psychological condition of unstable husband.

7) Ever experienced violence in childhood.

8) Culture that men are considered superior and women inferior.

In addition, the causes of the violence against the wife relate to the power of the husband / wife and gender discrimination in society. In society, the husband has the authority, have an impact on wives and other family members, husbands also acts as a decision maker. Differentiation of roles and positions between husband and wife in a society are culturally derived in each generation, and even believed to be the religious requirements. This resulted in the husband as a man who has placed a higher authority than the wife.

The power of husbands against wives is also influenced by the mastery of her husband in the economic system, this resulted in public views husbands work more valuable. The fact also shows that violence also impinge on the working wife, because wife's involvement in the economy is not supported by changes in cultural systems and social conditions, so that the wife's role in economic activity is still considered a sideline activity.  

Impact of Violence Against Wives

Violence against wives cause various adverse effects. What are the effects of violence against wives? The impact of violence against the wife in question itself are: experiencing physical pain, mental distress, decreased self-confidence and self-esteem, experiencing a sense of helplessness, through dependence on a husband who has been tortured himself, suffered post traumatic stress, depression, and desire to suicide.

The impact of violence against the wife's job is a bad performance, more time spent searching for help on psychologist or psychiatrist, and feared losing their jobs.
Implications for children are: the possibility of life would be guided by force, the chances of violent behavior in children will be higher, children can experience depression, and child has the potential to do violence on their partners if it has been a marriage of children imitating the behavior and how to treat people another, as was done by his parents.

Once you know the impact of violence on the wife then you would have to contribute to empathize with the effort to empower and help victims of domestic violence. Because without a change in your mindset of looking at the cases of violence such as this, the violence on women still continue to occur. And anyone can become victims of violence including you and your family.

Solutions For Overcoming Violence Against Wife

To reduce cases of domestic violence, the community should be encouraged education on human rights and women's empowerment; disseminate information and promote the principles of healthy living, anti-violence against women and children and reject violence as a way to solve problems; entered counseling to prevent violence, promote gender equality, promoting an attitude of blaming the victim through the media.

As for the perpetrators and victims of violence themselves, should seek the help of psychologists to restore his psychological condition. For the husband as the perpetrator, the help by psychologists is needed for the root problems that cause it do violence to unfold and learn to empathize with cognitive therapy. Because without a change in mindset in accepting her own husband and his wife, the violence will again occur. As for wives who experience violence need to undergo cognitive therapy and learn to behave assertively. In addition, the wife can also seek help from LSM that deal with cases of violence on women to get protection.

Husbands and wives also need to engage in group therapy in which each can make sharing that foster the belief that a healthy marriage relationship is not based on violence, but guided by a sense of mutual empathy. In addition, the husband and wife need to learn how to be assertive and manage emotions so that if there are differences of opinion do not need to use force because of the potential children will imitate violent behavior. Therefore, children need to be taught how to be empathetic and manage emotions as early as possible but it must start from the parent.

Domestic Violence in the Law Ordinance

In Law No. 23 of 2004 on the Elimination of Domestic Violence established four forms of violence. First, physical violence, is the act which results in pain, fell sick, or serious injury, second, psychological violence, is the act which resulted in fear, loss of confidence, loss of ability to act, a sense of helplessness, and severe psychological harm or suffering on person; Third, sexual violence including: (1) forcing sexual intercourse carried out against people living within the scope of the household, and (2) forcing sexual intercourse on one of the scope of the household with another person and / or a specific purpose; and fourth , neglect of household with: (1) does not give life, maintenance, or maintenance of the people within the scope of his household, and / or (2) creating economic dependence by restricting work properly inside or outside the house so that the victim was under control person.

 Domestic Violence: Limits and Linkage

Violence is essentially one deviation from the principle of human equality adopted by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). The deviation is called discrimination and torture.

In Law No. 39 of 1999 concerning the human rights established that discrimination is any restriction, harassment, or ostracism, conducted on the basis of religion, tribe, ethnic group, class, social status, economic status, gender, language, and political beliefs result in a reduction, diversion, or removal of the recognition and implementation of human rights and fundamental freedoms of the individual and collective life in the economic, legal, social, and cultural. While the definition of torture is any act done intentionally that causes pain or suffering (physical or spiritual) is great on someone with punishing or threatening.

Limitation of discrimination and torture in Law Number 39 of 1999 on Human Rights made the basis in determining boundaries in the Domestic Violence Act No. 23 of 2004 on Elimination of domestic violence. Therefore, it was determined that domestic violence is any act against a person especially women who cause misery or suffering physical, sexual, psychological, or neglect of household, including the threat to commit acts, coercion, or unlawful deprivation of liberty within the scope of household.

How to Tackle Domestic Violence According to Islam

There are many steps that must be done. The two parties (husband and wife) must come together to try to distance themselves involved with domestic violence. Although, an important actor in this problem is a husband, but his wife also have an opportunity to create domestic violence. Measures to tackle domestic violence, they are:

First, the foundation of faith. Hence, between husband and wife must continually draw closer to Allah SWT. So the virtuous husband and wife will be far from domestic violence.  

Second, the reinterpretation of the interpretation of "legality beatings." Acts of violence in the form of persecution against the wife is considered a normal thing. Ironically, the interpretation of religion is often used as an element of justification.

Third, aware of the harmful effects of domestic violence. There are some bad consequences. First, the husband can be sued to court for assault against his wife is an act violates the Criminal Code. Second, Household became messy (Broken Home).
Third, the cause of mental disorders (psychiatric) against wives and children. Fourth, the violation of religious syari'ah. Religion teaches us to realize the family peace rather than families that are decorated with beatings and abuse.

Fourth, especially for the husband to be weak force gentle to the wife and good behavior, as was exemplified by the Prophet Muhammad.

Fifth, specific for the wives. Try to be the virtuous wife. Decorated themselves to their husbands, husbands with a good serve, obey the commands of both husband, maintain self-esteem and her husband, and so forth. Try to always make my husband happy, smiling despite the bitter taste.

The violence behind bars Households far away from our families. Love that adorned the life of a husband / wife must constantly be nurtured to produce continuity. Our love is due to Allah SWT. So, the husband / wife in a family is his servant who was always close to Him. While this is already built in the palace household, God willing, there will be no domestic violence (Domestic Violence).

CONCLUSION

Violence can happen anywhere, at home, at work or in public places. Violence occurs in all men, women, men & children either as victims or as witnesses. A common form of violence is domestic violence, violence within our own homes. Which can occur at various social levels of society, various levels of age, the community at all levels of profession and income. Violence is not something that can be tolerated or accepted as normal.

Household (family) is the foundation of a country. From it will create the nation. When the family was broken so dangerous to the existence of the state. And thus, domestic violence is one factor family breakdown is a common disease is not personal. Therefore, the dangers include all members of society. To that end, all parties are obliged to assist in tackling domestic violence.

And from this paper, I hope the description above is useful for us so that we participated to stop the culture of violence in our society.